Periodic Table |
The INTERNET Database of Periodic Tables
There are thousands of periodic tables in web space, but this is the only comprehensive database of periodic tables & periodic system formulations. If you know of an interesting periodic table that is missing, please contact the database curator: Mark R. Leach Ph.D.
Use the drop menus below to search & select from the more than 1300 Period Tables in the database:
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The 10 Periodic Tables most recently added to the database:
Year: 1944 | PT id = 1305 |
Emerson's Spiral Formulation
Emerson EI, 1944, A new spiral form of the periodic table, JChemEd., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 111–115
René Vernon writes:
Emerson says that the elements in the A groups are called the representative elements because, as Eble states, they "include metals, nonmetals, inert elements, liquids, and gases." Eble RL, 1938, Atomic structure and the periodic table, JChemEd., vol. 15, p. 575
Note the inclusion in Emerson’s table of the neutron as element 0. Astonishingly, Emerson writes: "Element 0, possibly neutron [sic], is considered as a noble gas. Because of its probable chemical inertness and extreme density it might not be detected in a sizeable amount until some future scientist succeeds in sampling the center of the Earth" (p. 111)
Other features:
- The A and B groups are diametrically opposed in their positioning. "The electron structure of H either as H+ or H– finds a counterpart in the structure of element 0 or 2." (p. 113)
- The cell spaces for Be and Mg have been stretched on account of uncertainty as to whether they belong to group 2 or group 12. "The break between the periphery of the loops of the spiral along the spaces allotted to Mg and the transition metals of the fourth period serves to indicate that Be and Mg are not to be considered as a kind of prototype of these groups." (p. 111)
- "The C group is shown as a separate segment. If one were not concerned by plane representation the rare earths could be represented as a loop or bulge above the surface of the plane. One might imagine that this group of metals is a sort of hernia of nature that has been excised so as to maintain a flat surface." (p. 112–113)
Year: 2024 | PT id = 1304 |
Marks' Aufspaltung Formulation
John Marks' Aufspaltung (or "Splitting") formulation, after Mendeleyev (1869), Ramsey (1915) & Sommerfeld (1916).
Year: 2024 | PT id = 1303 |
Bilateral Symmetry in the Periodic Binodic Table
René Vernon writes:
Year: 2008 | PT id = 1302 |
Franklyn's Periodic Table
Franklyn writes on sciencemaddness.org: Electronic Orbital Periodicity Mendelevian grouping is only one possible organizational scheme, regardless of the schematic choice. A table is useful only to the extent that it provides easy reference to data and comparison. Most everyone who has considered arranging elements in tabular form has pondered what layout best serves the purpose. Below is a table I once made to determine the electronic shell and orbital structure of any element at a glance. Everything to the left and above the elements position indicates the complete full orbitals for those shells. Actually you can see the goup memebers run diagonally from upper left to lower right This arrangement shows that the progression of successive electrons is not straight forward with regard to placement within the atoms. The Mendelevian sequence begining with period 6 through the Lanthanides back to period 6 transition metals until Radon, continuing with period 7 ending with the first member of the Actinides, is as follows:
- shell 6, s orbital - Cesium, Barium (Cs, Ba)
- shell 5, d orbital - Lanthanum (La)
- shell 4, f orbital - Cerium to Lutecium (Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
- shell 5, d orbital - Hafnium to Mercury (Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg)
- shell 6, p orbital - Thallium to Radon (Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn)
- shell 7, s orbital - Francium, Radium (Fr, Ra)
- shell 6, d orbital - Actinium (Ac)
- shell 5, f orbital - Thorium (Th)
Thanks to René Vernon for the tip!
Year: 2024 | PT id = 1301 |
Periodic Table of Food Initiative (PTFI)
Imagine a world where farmers choose to grow specific foods to combat food insecurity and diet-related chronic diseases using practices that are also good for the planet. A world where people everywhere are enabled to select customized diets that support their vitality. This future harnesses the power of food not only as a solution to hunger, but as an essential resource to support the well-being of communities and the environment.
The Periodic Table of Food Initiative (PTFI) is accelerating this future to empower data-driven solutions to our most pressing food system challenges: climate change, biodiversity loss, and malnutrition.
Visit the website: https://foodperiodictable.org
Year: 1918 | PT id = 1300 |
One of Mendelejeff's Tables, Modified
From Smith A 1918, General Chemistry for Colleges, 2nd ed., The Century Co., New York, p. 299
René Vernon writes:
- H is missing, as are the noble gases.
- Consequently, the period numbers are out by one apiece.
- Seven groups are on the left and seven are on the right (the ever present allure of symmetry).
- After La, Ce is placed under Zr, and Nd is placed under columbium/technetium.
- According to Smith the rest of the lanthanide elements do not fit into any series, because their valences and other chemical properties do not permit most of them to be distributed over so many different groups.
- Po is expected to be a metal which is what it turned out to be Smith has anticipated that astatine will be a metal. Nine decades later, Hermann, Hoffmann & Ashcroft (2013) predicted the same thing: Hermann, A.; Hoffmann, R.; Ashcroft, N. W. (2013). Condensed astatine: Monatomic and metallic. Physical Review Letters, 111 (11), 116404-1–116404-5
- While he does not discuss it, Smith appears to have allowed for missing elements between Li and Gl and between Na and Mg.
- The three elements inside square brackets are those predicted by Mendeleev.
Year: 2024 | PT id = 1299 |
Can I Lick It? Periodic Table
From Reddit, a "A cool guide to element lickability".
Mark Leach writes:
"I think I would colour calcium yellow as it bubbles hydrogen gas when added to water."
Thanks to René Vernon for the tip!
Year: 2023 | PT id = 1298 |
Kudan's 3D Model of The Periodic Table
Pavel V. Kudan's 3D model of the Periodic Table from Research Gate and via direct download.
Parvel writes:
"The shape of this 3D model allows to show most important thing – H may be aligned over F-Ts and He may be aligned over Ne-Og without classification of H to group F-Ts or He to group Ne-Og. To see that it is needed only that cylinder to be tough (hard) and flat parts to be flexible with ability to change angle. Than is important because according Mendeleev’s principle, maximum valence is main for grouping elements and it is controversial to have element with maximum valence 2 between elements with maximum valence 8.
"Coloring He as gray in the 3D model just reflex the fact that it goes just before the energy gap, as well as coloring Ne-Og in gray show that they too go just before the energy gaps, which makes He and Ne-Og noble. The main is not coloring, but the ability to align and demonstrate.
"You may also remember that the issue of opening the new IUPAC Group 2 project to discuss He group as a continuation of the IUPAC Group 3 project has already been raised in e-mail correspondence with IUPAC some time ago in protection of our reconstruction of Landau’s geometry of the Periodic table.
"I agree with you that double periodicity is important, but also rearrangements of electronic configurations caused by properties of d-orbitals also must be taken in account. For example, Cu has valences 1 or 2, Zn has valence 2 due to special properties of d-orbitals. The 3D model of the Periodic table separates the ability of d-orbitals to steel electrons from s-orbitals and f-orbitals causing of such effects.
"Also when you will have a copy of the 3D model you will see that it unifies both geometry of the Mendeleev’s Periodic table and geometry of the Janet’s Periodic table. Following anticlockwise you may see Mendeleev’s order while following clockwise you may see Janet’s order. It is similar to having the 3D moles of globe as visual aid for better vision of Mendeleev’s Periodic table and Janet’s Periodic table as flat detailed maps."
Year: 2019 | PT id = 1297 |
Ossmi LH & Chasib's Periodic Table
By Dr Laith Al- ossmi, Thi-qar University, Iraq: Al Ossmi LH & Chasib K F, A New Method of Elements Arrangement to Reattach the F–Block Elements of Lanthanides and Actinides in the IUPAC's Periodic Table of Elements, Med & Analy Chem Int J, 3, 4,2019, pp 1–18. DOI 10.23880/macij-16000148
The new 3-dimantional layout of the periodic table graphically shows the main body parts of the table and also these vertical and horizontal coordinators of Periods, Groups, and Nadas.
Year: 1911 | PT id = 1296 |
Emerson's Periodic Table of Atomic Weights
Emerson BK, Helix chemica: A study of the periodic relations of the elements and their graphic representation, American Chemical Journal, vol. 45, pp. 160–210 (1911). The formulation below appears on page 173; a scanned pdf version of the paper can be viewed here.
René Vernon writes:
Emerson includes two elements before hydrogen: "E" (either the luminiferous ether or the electron) and "Coronium". There are also two elements between hydrogen and helium: "Nebulium" and "Protofluorine".
This is the first time I have seen a PT showing four extra elements and where they are supposed to fit.
After La, Emerson incorporates 13 lanthanides (Ce to Lu) as transition elements into his 7th period.
Emerson missed dysprosium, between Tb and Ho.
"A, B and C" at the bottom right are supposed to be 'halogen emanations'.
Mark Leach adds that Emerson's very odd Periodic Table of Atomic Weights does not actually show any atomic weights.
What is the Periodic Table Showing? | Periodicity |
© Mark R. Leach Ph.D. 1999 –
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