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  Web Book Home Page | Chemogenesis Main Index Foreword:  Chemogenesis & Chemical Education Part I   Atoms | Elements | Periodic Tables 1.1  Introduction to Chemogenesis 1.2  Nucleosynthesis of The Elements 1.3  The Segrè Chart 1.4  Quantum Numbers to Periodic Tables 1.5  The Periodic Table: What Is It Showing? 1.6  The INTERNET Database of Periodic Tables 1.7  Periodicity Part II   Structure | Bonding | Material Type 2.1  Mono-Bond Typed Binary Compounds 2.2  Binary Compound Synthlet 2.3  Electronegativity 2.4  van Arkel-Ketelaar Triangles of Bonding 2.5  Tetrahedra of Structure, Bonding & Material Type 2.6  Structure, Bonding & Material Synthlet 2.7  The Classification of Matter: Chemical Stuff Part III   Interactions | Reactions | Mechanisms 3.1  The Chemogenesis Analysis: An Overview 3.2  Lewis and Brønsted Models of Acidity 3.3  The Hard Soft [Lewis] Acid Base Principle 3.4  Main Group Elemental Hydrides 3.5  Five Hydrogen Probe Experiments 3.6  Congeneric Dots, Series & Planars 3.7  Quantifying Congeneric Behaviour 3.8  Ligand Replacement Congeneric Series 3.9  Congeneric Array Interactions 3.10  Emergence of Organic Chemistry 3.11  Congeneric Array Database 3.12  The Five Reaction Chemistries 3.13  Lewis Acids & Lewis Bases: A New Analysis 3.14  The Lewis Acid/Base Interaction Matrix 3.15  Patterns in Reaction Chemistry Poster 3.16  Lewis Acid/Base Interaction Matrix Database 3.17  Nucleophiles, Bases & The Fluoride Ion 3.18  Redox Chemistry 3.19  Redox Chemistry Synthlet 3.20  Radical Chemistry 3.21  Diradical Chemistry 3.22  Photochemistry 3.23  Species/Species Interactions 3.24  The Simplest Mechanistic Step: STAD 3.25  Unit & Compound Mechanistic Steps 3.26  The Mechanism Matrix 3.27  Addition To A Double Bond Synthlet 3.28  Pericyclic Reaction Chemistry Part IV   Chemical Theory 4.1  Why Do Chemical Reactions Occur? 4.2a  Thermochemistry: List Reactions Synthlet 4.2b  Thermochemistry: Play With Reaction Synthlet 4.2c  Thermochemistry: Bulid A Reaction Synthlet 4.3  Timeline of Structural Theory 4.4  Modern Lewis Theory 4.5  Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion: VSEPR 4.6  Diatomic Species by Molecular Orbital Theory 4.7  Polyatomic Species: Molecular Orbitals 4.8  Organic π-Systems 4.9  Functional Group Database Part V   Complexity & Emergence 5.1  Chemistry & Complexity: Systems 5.2  Linear Chemistry Systems 5.3  Chemical Systems Prone to Complexity Part VI   Extras 6.1  Chemogenesis Videos 6.2  Chemical Thesaurus Reaction Chemistry Database 6.3  Chemogenesis Paper 6.4  Electronegativity as a Basic Elemental Property 6.5  What is Chemistry? (Workshop) 6.6  Literature References & Further Reading

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Binary Compound Synthlet

Feel free to play around and theoretically synthesize more than 600 main group binaries using the Synthlet below and so search for corresponding real substances in the Chemical Thesaurus database & Wikipedia.

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H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba	H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba
Calculated/predicted stoichiometric formula = NaF Calculated/predicted name: Sodium fluoride
Actual binary compounds, from the Chemical Thesaurus database: Name Formula More Information Sodium fluoride ChemThes Wikipedia
Please understand that just because the Synthlet predicts a compound's stoichiometry and name, it does not mean that the compound always exists, that the common or usual name is always constructed or that there is only one binary compound. While most of the predictions are correct, it is the "incorrect" 10% that makes main group chemistry so interesting!

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The Binary Compound Synthlet uses the common or lower valency and electronegativity to predict the stoichiometry of the binary compound. For example, electropositive aluminium (valency = 3) reacts with electronegative oxygen (valency 2) to give aluminium oxide: Al₂O₃.

The Synthlet uses four rules to to construct the name:

• Both elements the same: Element
• One of the elements is He, Ne, Ar or Kr: No binary forms
• Metal + non-metal and non-metal + non-metal: electropositive element followed by electronegative element: Sodium oxide
• Metal + metal: Binary alloy
• Nature is subtle and the rather simple binary construction logic does make "mistakes", however, the actual compounds are found in the database and Wikipedia searches:

Lithium carbide	Li + C gives Li2C2 (lithium acetylide) not the predicted Li4C
Boron carbide	B + C gives B4C not the predicted B4C3
Lithium boride	Li + B gives Li2B3, LiB2 & LiB0.8-1.0, not the predicts Li3B
Lithium-Sodium alloy	Li does not alloy with Na, K Rb or Cs due to its small atomic radius, but it does alloy with Al
CH4, Methane	The predicted name is: hydrogen carbide

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Binary Compounds

Electronegativity

© Mark R. Leach 1999 –

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