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| What is the Periodic Table Showing? | Periodicity |
The INTERNET Database of Periodic Tables
There are thousands of periodic tables in web space, but this is the only comprehensive database of periodic tables & periodic system formulations. If you know of an interesting periodic table that is missing, please contact the database curator: Mark R. Leach Ph.D. The database holds information on periodic tables, the discovery of the elements, the elucidation of atomic weights and the discovery of atomic structure (and much, much more).
Periodic Tables from the year 1871 :
| Year: 1871 | PT id = 10, Type = formulation |
Mendeleev's Tabelle II
Some versions of Mendeleev's Tabelle II of 1871.
From the second volume of Mendeleev's textbook (click to enlarge):
Notice that on the right hand side, there is an additional formulation:
The two formulations above are discussed by Peter Wothers from the University of Cambridge with Sir Martyn Poliakoff, of the University of Nottingham, at 2:30 into the video below:
Mendeleev's Tabelle II can be shown in semi-modern form with the 'missing' group 18 rare gases and the f-block elements:
An alternative version of Mendeleev's Tabelle II:
| Year: 1871 | PT id = 303, Type = formulation |
Mendeleev's Predicted Elements
In large part, the success of the Mendeleev's analysis can be attributed to the gaps which he predicted would contain undiscovered elements with predictable properties. Mendeleev named these unknown elements using the terms eka, dvi & tri (1, 2 & 3 from the ancient Indian language of Sanskrit).
Mendeleev predictions include:
- Eka-boron (scandium)
- Eka-aluminium (gallium)
- Eka-manganese (technetium)
- Eka-silicon (germanium)
Image from van Spronsen
| Year: 1871 | PT id = 621, Type = formulation |
Mendeleev's Periodic Table of 1871, redrawn by J.O. Moran, 2013
Mendeleev's Periodic Table of 1871, redrawn by J.O. Moran, 2013, click here to see full size:
| Year: 1871 | PT id = 1361, Type = formulation element weight |
Annual Report on the Progress of Chemistry and Related Areas of Other Sciences 1871
Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Chemie und verwandter Theile anderer Wissenschaften. (Annual Report on the progress of chemistry and related areas of other sciences.) HathiTrust Index scanned reports 1847-1910.
The 1871 table of data is here.
Mark Leach writes:
"Every year the annual report started with a list of the known chemical elements and their atomic weights, however, to the modern eye there were many systermatic errors. For example, oxygen (Sauerstoff) is given as having a weight of 8 which would have caused – due to the importance of oxides – other atomic weights to be out by a factor of 2 or 3. Once a list of correct atomic weights was known, it would be possible to construct a periodic table of the elements.
"In 1858 the Cannazzario letter gave more correct list of atomic weights and corrected the numerous stoichiometric errors that plagued chemistry at the time. Over the years from 1858 to 1873 the entries in the annual report gradually adopted the Cannazzario logic."
- Didym Di = 48 and 95 was actually a mixture of rare earth elements.
- The missing elements had yet to be discovered.
- Al = 13.7 and 27.4
- Ba = 68.5 and 137
- Be = 4.7 and 7.0
- Pb = 103.5 and 207
- Cd = 56 and 112
- Ca = 20 and 40
- Ce = 56 and 92
- Cr = 26 and 52
- Fe = 28 and 56
- Er = 56.3 and 112.6
- Ir = 99 and 198
- Co = 29.4 and 58.8
- C = 6 and 12
- Cu = 31.7 and 63.4
- La = 46.8 and 93.6
- Mg = 12 and 24
- Mn = 27.5 and 55
- Mo = 48 and 96
- Ni = 29.5 and 58
- Os = 100 and 200
- Pd = 53 and 106
- Pt = 99 and 198
- Hg = 100 and 200
- Rh = 52 and 104
- Ru = 52 and 104
- Si = 14 and 28
- O = 8 and 16
- S = 16 and 32
- Se = 39.5 and 79
- Sr = 43.8 and 87.6
- Te = 64 and 128
- Th = 57.86 and 115.72
- Ti = 25 and 50
- Wo = 92 and 184 (note change from W to Wo)
- Y = 30.8 and 61.6
- Zn = 32.5 and 65
- Sn = 59 and 118
- Zr = 45 and 90
Thanks to René and Mario Rodriguez for the tip!
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| What is the Periodic Table Showing? | Periodicity |
© Mark R. Leach Ph.D. 1999 –
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